Chile+by+des

= ** __Republic of Chile__ ** =

= =

toc Background
Chile, which is officially called The Republic of Chile is a long, thin, long country on the south-west side of South America. To the east of Chile is the Andes and to the west is the Pacific. There are only three countries the border Chile, Argentina, to the east, Bolivia, to the north-east and Peru, to the north. Chile is one of two countries that do NOT border Brazil, the other is Ecuador. In the 16th century chile was conquered by the spanish. In 1540 there was and expedition to conquer chile was led by Pedro de Valdivi, one of Francisco Pizarro's lieutenants. In 1541 he founded the capital city, Santiago. Up until the 1800s Chile was still part of Spain. It declared its independence from spain in 1810, but didn't fully have their victory until 1818. From 1079-1883 was the War of the Pacific, where chile defeated Peru and Bolivia and won it's northern territories. media type="youtube" key="i8cAkSjS0Ms" height="242" width="391"National Anthem of Chile. On the Chilean flag the all the colors are significant and represent something.

White- The snow in the Andes. Blue- The blue of the skies. Red- The blood of the patriots who fought for independence.

Political map of Chile.


Political map of chile.

Videos and pictures
media type="youtube" key="L03hSqXq6Ig" height="349" width="560"

Put I movie here

Capital of Chile:
Santiago.

Size of Chile:
total: 756,102 sq km. land: 743,812 sq km. water: 12,290 sq km.

2,600 miles long and about 110 miles wide.

Location:
South- west in South America.

Population of Chile:
16,888,760 (July 2011).

Literacy rate:
95.7% of people in Chile can read and write.

Religions:
Roman Catholic 70%, Evangelical 15.1%, Jehovah's Witness 1.1%, other Christian 1%, other 4.6%, none 8.3%

Languages spoken:
Spanish (official), Mapudungun, German, English

Form of government:
Republic

President of Chile:
President Sebastian Pinera Echenique

Exports:
copper, fruit, fish products, paper and pulp, chemicals, wine China 16.46%, US 11.31%, Japan 9.06%, South Korea 6.49%, Brazil 4.64%, Mexico 4.09% $64.28 billion

Imports :
petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, electrical and telecommunications equipment, industrial machinery, vehicles, natural gas US 21.77%, China 12.76%, Argentina 9.55%, Brazil 6.46%, South Korea 5.35% $54.23 billion


 * All facts are from the same source

Time line of Chile's history
NOTE: This time line starts in 1541 and ends in 2006. All of the chile time can be found at the link provided. http://www.timelinesdb.com/listevents.php?subjid=52&dayinhist=0&date1=-99999999999&date2=99999999999&words=&title=Chile&fromrec=0

History of chile
__**1541**__- Pedro de Valdivia begins Spanish conquest and find the capital city, Santiago.

__**1586-**__ The San Francisco Church was built in Santiago.

__**1722**__- On Easter Sunday, Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen came across and island 1400 miles off the coast of chile. He named the island Easter Island.

__**1778-**__ Jose Francisco de San Martin (d.1850) was born in Argentina. He liberated Argentina, Chile and Peru. Protector of Peru.

__**1810 Sep 18**__ - Chile declared its independence from Spain.

**__1810-17__**- Colonial revolts against Spain started in Chile in 1810 and ended in victory in 1817 under the leadership of Bernardo O‘Higgins and Argentina‘s Jose de San Martin.

**__1818- __**Chile gained independence from Spain.

__**1839-**__ Chile defeated a confederation of Peru and Bolivia in the Battle of Yungay.

**__1879-83-__** In the War of the Pacific, Chile’s army won the nitrate-rich desert lands from Peru and Bolivia.

**__1904-__** Bolivia and Chile signed a treaty ending the War of the Pacific. The treaty recognized Chile's possession of Bolivia's nitrate-rich coastal province of Antofagasta, but provided for construction of a railway to link La Paz, Bolivia, to Arica on the coast.

__**1929-**__ Chile, Peru & Bolivia signed an accord about the Tacna-Arica area. Chile and Peru accepted a proposal by Pres. Herbert Hoover over the outcome of the 1879-1893 War of the Pacific. Chile would retain Arica and return Tacna to Peru and grant access to the Arica port as a compromise. The accord was not implemented until 1999.

__**1932-**__ Chile and Peru signed an extradition treaty.

__**1945-**__ Peru, Paraguay, Chile and Ecuador joined the United Nations. Chile declared war on Germany.

__**1970-**__ President Allende nationalized the Chilean coal mines.

**__1973-__** The Soviet Union was kicked out of World Cup soccer for refusing to play Chile.

__**1981-**__ Chile completely privatized Social Security as part of its economic reforms.

__**1990-**__ Chile’s General Augusto Pinochet gave up power after 16 years of rule, but remained commander of the army. Some 3,200 people were murdered under his dictatorship and 30,000 more were tortured. Patricio Aylwin was elected president of Chile.

__**2000**__- Chile’s military agreed to search for the remains of the 1,200 dissidents who disappeared between 1973-1990 under Gen. Pinochet.

Chile’s Supreme Court stripped General Augusto Pinochet’s immunity, clearing the way for the former dictator to be tried on human rights charges. However, an appeals court later ruled Pinochet unfit to stand trial because of his deteriorating health and mental condition.

__**2002**__- Chile's Supreme Court ruled that former dictator General Augusto Pinochet was suffering from dementia and dropped all charges against him for human rights violations during his regime.

__**2004**__- Chile legalized divorce despite strong opposition from the Catholic Church.

**__2006__**- Chile former dictator Gen. Augusto Pinochet was indicted for abuses at Villa Grimaldi, one of his regime's most infamous secret prisons, where President Michelle Bachelet and her mother were once held and mistreated.

All information for the time line is from the sam source.

National holidays
**January 1**- New Year's Day.

**April 6**- Good Friday.

**April 7**- Holy Saturday.

**May 1**- Labor Day.

**May 21**- Navy Day.

**June 4**- Corpus Christi Day.

**July 2**- Saints Peter and Paul's Day.

**August 15**- Assumption Day.

**September 18**- Independence Day.

**September 19**- Army Day.

**October 15-** Dia de la Raza (Columbus Day).

**November 1-** All Saints' Day.

**December 8**- Immaculate Conception Day.

**December 25**- Christmas Day. All information is form the same source.

**Pedro de Valdivia**
He was a Spanish conquistador who arrived in 1540. He established Santiago in 1541. Famous for discovering Santiago.

Arturo Prat
He was a naval war hero. He was responsible of the victory in the war against Peru. Famous for winning the war with Peru.

Raul Ruiz
He was a famous film director. Equivalent to our Stevin Spilburg.

Gabriela Mistral
He was a Poet and was a winner for the Nobel Prize.

Cecilia Amenabar
She is a famous model, actress and artist.

Easter Island
One of the most famous attractions in Chile is rather of the coast of Chile. Easter Island is very well known for its Easter Island heads and for good diving. In the video below tells you a little about the history of Easter island and about the diving. Easter Island was founded buy a group of dutch sailers in 1722. They came Across the island on easter Sunday, so they named it Easter Island. Over the next few year after that, it was used by the pirates coming and going to the Caribbean. Latter on it became part of Chile and people started to live on the island. There are a couple of amazing thing to do on Easter Island. Go look at the amazing Easter Island heads or go diving in the amazing rich waters, or just do both. Although there are not any dive resorts on the island, there is a dive center that you can go to if you want to dive and cheek in in one of the amazing hotels that are on the Island. Although it is over 2000 miles off the coast of Chile, it is an amazing place to go on a vacation.



media type="youtube" key="_u8vBpB4Hdg" height="349" width="560"Hecho por D. Donisi

Football (soccer)
Chile's national sprot is football (soccer). In most of the Spanish speaking countries, their national sport is football. It is hard to be in Chile and not see a person with a football. The Chilean team have participated in all the world cups and in all the olympics. In 1962, Chile came in third place in the world cup and in 2000 in the Sydney olympics, they won the bronze medal. The Federacion de Futbol de Chile is responsible for the National Football Team of the country. They decide who is one the team and who isn't. Right now, May 2011 chile is standing 13th in the world for football.

Skiing
Skiing is not a very big sport in Chile, but Chile is an amazing place to ski.

There are not really any other major sports in Chile but they have great sports non the less. They have swimming, white wate r rafting and trekking.

Chile's food and drink
The people in Chile love their food and that is why their food it so good. A normal Chilean will have four meals a day. They start off with a very light breakfast, normally just a slice of toast or two. Lunch is the most important meal of the day. They would get a lunch break from 1-2:30 everyday just for lunch. Then they will have another light meal before they have dinner. Some of the well known dishes in Chile are, empanadas, corn pies, corn cakes, beans, and curanto. But what Chile is most famous for is it's seafood. Abalones, razor clams, mussels, spider crabs, oysters, conger eels, salmon, corbinas and sole are the famous seafoods that the Chileans eat.

Chile is also well known for it's drinks and wine. The spirit in Chile is called 'pisco', which is generally mixed with egg white, lemon juice and sugar to form the ubiquitous 'pisco sour.'

Chile's specialties-food

 * Empanada
 * Humitas
 * Cazuela de ave.
 * Bife lo pobre.
 * Parrillada

Chile's specialties-drink

 * Chile is famous for its wine.
 * Pisco is a brawny cordial extracted from grapes after wine pressing.
 * Grapes are also used to make the sweet brown chicha as well as aguardiente, like brandy.
 * Beer is drunk throughout the country.


 * How to make a Pisco sour**


 * Ingredients**


 * 4 cups ice cubes
 * 1 cup pisco
 * 1/3 cup lemon juice
 * 1/3 cup white sugar
 * 1 egg white
 * aromatic bitters


 * Directions**

Place ice cubes, pisco, lemon juice, sugar, egg white, and bitters in the bowl of a blender. Blend on high speed until finely pureed. Pour into two glasses and garnish with an additional dash of bitters.