Bolivia+-+Yang+Li

=Bolivia =

Bolivia is a landlocked located in central South america. It is bordered by Brazil to the north and east,Paraguay and Argentina to the south, Chile to the southwest, and Peru to the west.(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivia) http://www.mapsofworld.com/country-profile/bolivia.html

( [|ISO] ) ||~ **Population** ||~ **Surface (km²)** ||~ **Density** ||~ **Capital city** ||~ || picture from:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivia = = =National Anthem Of Bolivia:=
 * = **Territorial division of Bolivia** ||
 * ~ **Department** ||~ Abbreviation
 * < ** [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png width="30" height="20" caption="Flag of Bolivia.svg" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bolivia.svg"]] Bolivia** ||= **BO** ||> **10.027.644** ||> **1.098.581** ||= **9.1** ||< ** [|Sucre] **(Constitutional) ||^  ||
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Flag_of_beni.svg/20px-Flag_of_beni.svg.png width="20" height="14" caption="Flag of beni.svg" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_beni.svg"]] [|Beni] || BO-B || 425.780 || 213.564 || 1.9 || [|Trinidad] ||^  ||
 * < [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_chuquisaca.svg/20px-Flag_of_chuquisaca.svg.png width="20" height="14" caption="Flag of chuquisaca.svg" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_chuquisaca.svg"]][|Chuquisaca] ||= BO-H ||> 631.062 ||> 51.524 ||= 11.9 ||< [|Sucre] ||^  ||
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_cochabamba.svg/20px-Flag_of_cochabamba.svg.png width="20" height="14" caption="Flag of cochabamba.svg" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_cochabamba.svg"]][|Cochabamba] || BO-C || 1.938.401 || 55.631 || 22.7 || [|Cochabamba] ||^  ||
 * < [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_lapaz.svg/20px-Flag_of_lapaz.svg.png width="20" height="14" caption="Flag of lapaz.svg" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_lapaz.svg"]] [|La Paz] ||= BO-L ||> 2.741.554 ||> 133.985 ||= 19.9 ||< [|La Paz] ||^  ||
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Oruro.svg/20px-Flag_of_Oruro.svg.png width="20" height="14" caption="Flag of Oruro.svg" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Oruro.svg"]] [|Oruro] || BO-O || 444.093 || 53.558 || 8.2 || [|Oruro] ||^  ||
 * < [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_pando.svg/20px-Flag_of_pando.svg.png width="20" height="14" caption="Flag of pando.svg" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_pando.svg"]] [|Pando] ||= BO-N ||> 109.173 ||> 63.827 ||= 1.1 ||< [|Cobija] ||^  ||
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_potosi.svg/20px-Flag_of_potosi.svg.png width="20" height="14" caption="Flag of potosi.svg" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_potosi.svg"]] [|Potosí] || BO-P || 780.392 || 118.218 || 6.5 || [|Potosí] ||^  ||
 * < [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_santacruz.svg/20px-Flag_of_santacruz.svg.png width="20" height="14" caption="Flag of santacruz.svg" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_santacruz.svg"]] [|Santa Cruz] ||= BO-S ||> 2.776.244 ||> 370.621 ||= 7.1 ||< [|Santa Cruz de la Sierra] ||^  ||
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_Tarija.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tarija.svg.png width="20" height="14" caption="Flag of Tarija.svg" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tarija.svg"]] [|Tarija] || BO-T || 496.988 || 37.623 || 12.5 || [|Tarija] ||^  ||

(//Spanish lyrics//) ||~ National Anthem of Bolivia ||
 * ~ Himno Nacional de Bolivia
 * ~ First verse ||
 * **Bolivianos: el hado propicio**

coronó nuestros votos y anhelos.

Es ya libre, ya libre este suelo,

ya cesó su servil condición.

Al estruendo marcial que ayer fuera

y al clamor de la guerra horroroso,

siguen hoy, en contraste armonioso,

dulces himnos de paz y de unión.

Siguen hoy, en contraste armonioso,

dulces himnos de paz y de unión. || **Bolivians, a most favorable destiny**

has at long last crowned our vows and longings;

This land is free, free at last.

Its servile state has now finally ceased.

The martial turmoil of yesterday,

and the horrible clamor of war,

are followed today, in harmonious contrast,

by sweet hymns of peace and unity.

Are followed today, in harmonious contrast,

by sweet hymns of peace and unity. ||
 * ~ //Chorus// ||
 * //De la Patria, el alto nombre,//

//en glorioso esplendor conservemos.//

//Y en sus aras de nuevo juremos://

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!//

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!//

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!// || //Let us keep the lofty name of our Fatherland//

//in glorious splendor conserved.//

//And, on its altars, once more we must swear://

//to die before we would live as slaves!//

//To die before we would live as slaves!//

//To die before we would live as slaves!// ||
 * ~ Second verse ||
 * Loor eterno a los bravos guerreros,

cuyo heroico valor y firmeza,

conquistaron las glorias que empieza

hoy Bolivia feliz a gozar.

Que sus nombres, en mármol y en bronce,

a remotas edades transmitan,

y en sonoros cantares repitan:

¡Libertad, Libertad, Libertad!

Y en sonoros cantares repitan:

¡Libertad, Libertad, Libertad! || Eternal praise to the brave warriors

whose heroic valor and firmness

conquered the freedom and glories that now

a happy Bolivia justly begins to enjoy!

Let their names, preserved forever in marble and bronze,

transmit their glory to remote future ages.

And in resounding song let them repeat their simple call:

Freedom! Freedom! Freedom!

And in resounding song let them repeat their simple call:

Freedom! Freedom! Freedom! ||
 * ~ //Chorus// ||
 * //De la Patria, el alto nombre,//

//en glorioso esplendor conservemos.//

//Y en sus aras de nuevo juremos://

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!//

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!//

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!// || //Let us keep the lofty name of our Fatherland//

//in glorious splendor conserved.//

//And, on its altars, once more we must swear://

//to die before we would live as slaves!//

//To die before we would live as slaves!//

//To die before we would live as slaves!// ||
 * ~ Third verse ||
 * Aquí alzó la justicia su trono

que la vil opresión desconoce,

y en su timbre glorioso legose

libertad, libertad, libertad.

Esta tierra innocente y hermosa

que ha debido a Bolívar su nombre

es la patria feliz donde el hombre

goza el bien de la dicha y la paz.

Es la patria feliz donde el hombre

goza el bien de la dicha y la paz. || Here has Justice erected its Throne

which vile oppression ignores

and, on its glorious stamp let us rejoice

Freedom, freedom, freedom

This innocent and beautiful land,

which owes its name to Bolívar,

is the happy homeland where mankind

enjoys the benefits of good fortune and peace.

Is the happy homeland where mankind

enjoys the benefits of good fortune and peace. ||
 * ~ //Chorus// ||
 * //De la Patria, el alto nombre,//

//en glorioso esplendor conservemos.//

//Y en sus aras de nuevo juremos://

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!//

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!//

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!// || //Let us keep the lofty name of our Fatherland//

//in glorious splendor conserved.//

//And, on its altars, once more we must swear://

//to die before we would live as slaves!//

//To die before we would live as slaves!//

//To die before we would live as slaves!// ||
 * ~ Fourth verse ||
 * Si extranjero poder algún día

sojuzgar a Bolivia intentare,

al destino fatal se prepare

que amenaza a soberbio invasor.

Que los hijos del grande Bolívar

hayan mil y mil veces jurado:

morir antes que ver humillado

de la Patria el augusto pendón.

Morir antes que ver humillado

de la Patria el augusto pendón. || If a foreigner may, any given day

even attempt to subjugate Bolivia,

let him prepare for a fatal destiny,

which menaces such brave aggressor.

For the sons of the mighty Bolívar

have sworn, thousands upon thousands of times:

to die rather than see the country's

majestic banner humiliated.

To die rather than see the country's

majestic banner humiliated. ||
 * ~ //Chorus// ||
 * //De la Patria, el alto nombre,//

//en glorioso esplendor conservemos.//

//Y en sus aras de nuevo juremos://

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!//

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!//

//¡Morir antes que esclavos vivir!// || //Let us keep the lofty name of our Fatherland//

//in glorious splendor conserved.//

//And, on its altars, once more we must swear://

//to die before we would live as slaves!//

//To die before we would live as slaves!//

//To die before we would live as slaves!// || credit: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Anthem_of_Bolivia

=History Timeline Of Bolivia=


 * - 1809 - 1925

- 1811 - 1825

- 1819

- 1825

- 1825 - 1826

- 1826 - 1828

- 1831

- 1836 - 1839

- 1839

- 1841

- 1842

- 1879 - 1883

- 1899 || Bolivian War of Independence.

General Simón Bolívar leads independence wars in South America.

Bolívar forms the Republic of Gran Colombia.

Bolivia declares its independence from Spain and Peru.

Simón Bolívar President of Bolivia.

Antonio Jose de Sucre President of Bolivia.

Gran Colombia falls to pieces. Nowadays part of Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana, Panama, Bolivia, Costa Rica, and Colombia.

Peru-Bolivian Confederation. War with Chile and Argentina.

Battle of Yungay, Chile defeats the Peruvian-Bolivian army.

Battle of Ingaví. Peruvian president General Gamarra invades Bolivia, but is defeated.

Peace agreement between Bolivia and Peru.

War of the Pacific. Bolivia loses the nitrate-rich Atacama coastal desert fields to Chile.

La Paz becomes the seat of government and administrative capital, Sucre the official capital. ||


 * - 1903

- 1920s

- 1926 - 1930

- 1928

- 1932 - 1935

- 1929

- 1937

- 1941

- 1952

- 1952 - 1956

- 1953

- 1956 - 1960

- 1960 - 1964

- 1964 - 1969

- 1967

- 1967

- 1969

- 1970

- 1971

- 1973

- 1978

- 1980

- 1981 || Treaty of Petrópolis between Bolivia and Brazil, the War of the Pacific officially ends. Acre state seceded to Brazil.

Revolts by indigenous miners suppressed.

President of Bolivia Hernando Siles Reyes.

Paraguay starts hostile incidents in the disputed territory of Chaco Boreal.

Chaco War between Bolivia and Paraguay.

Chile, Peru and Bolivia sign the Tacna-Arica Area Treaty.

President General David Toro nationalizes all energy companies. The first time in Bolivia history timeline 2 that the government orders nationalization, and not the last in the history of Bolivia.

The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement MNR party aka Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario founded by Hernán Siles Zuazo and Víctor Paz Estenssoro.

Revolution by the MNR Party. Victor Paz Estenssoro and Hernan Siles Zuazo overthrow the military regime.

Victor Paz Estensorro President.

Agrarian, social, educational and economic reforms, land redistribution, tin mines are nationalized.

Hernan Siles Zuazo President.

Victor Paz Estensorro President, second term.

Vice-President General Rene Barrientos outsted Victor Paz Estensorro in a military coup and serves as President. In this Bolivia history timeline 2 occur a series of miltary coups.

Latin American guerrilla leader Ernesto Che Guevara establishes the National Liberation Army in Bolivia, but is executed a few months later. Cuban communist guerrilla Haydée Tamara Bunke - Tania - Bider killed by Bolivian forces.

French intellectual and journalist Regis Debray sentenced to 30 years in prison in Bolivia for helping Che Guevara.

Barrientos is killed in a plane crash. Vice-President Siles Salinas becomes President. His successor President General Alfredo Ovando Candia nationalizes all oil and energy companies.

Regis Debray is released after an international pressure.

Colonel Hugo Banzer Suarez military dictator after he overthrows President General Juan Jose Torres.

Operation Condor military pact between Latin-American dictators to hunt down dissidents.

General Juan Pereda Asbun overthrows Banzer.

Hernan Siles Zuazo wins the democratic elections. But General Luis Garcia stages a military coup.

General Celso Torrelio Villa succeeds Garcia. ||


 * - 1982 - 1985

- 1983

- 1985

- 1985 - 1989

- 1989

- 1990

- 1993 - 1998

- 1995

- 1996

- 1997

- 1998

- 1999

- 2000

- 2001

- 2002

- 2003

- 2004

- 2005

- 2006

- 2007 || Military junta leader Torrelio Villa hands over power to Hernan Siles Zuazo. He restores democracy in Bolivia.

Former Nazi Gestapo chief Klaus Barbie arrested and expelled from Bolivia to France.

Inflation rates up to thousands of per cents, price of tin crashed. Siles resigns. Former dictator Colonel Hugo Banzer Suarez wins the parliamentary elections and rules in a coalition alliance with President Paz Estenssoro. The U.S. and the International Monetary Fund helps to rebuild the economy.

Fourth term of President Victor Paz Estensorro.

Jaime Paz Zamora President of Bolivia, forms a coalition alliance with Banzer.

Land reforms in favor of indigenous peoples, for the first time in Bolivia history timeline 3.

Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada President.

Evo Morales founds the Movement Toward Socialism.

Environmental mud disaster in the Rio Pilaya after a mine dam bursts. Dinosaur footprints discovered near Sucre. Land reform agreement with landowners and Indian chiefs.

Hugo Banzer elected President.

Banzer programs to cut poverty and drug trafficking.

Bush fires destroys hundreds of thousands of acres of farmland.

The Cochabamba Water Wars, protests in Cochabamba against the privatization of the municipal water supply.

Vice-President Jorge Quiroga inaugurated as President. Major parts of Bolivia distroyed by heavy rainfall, flooding and mud slides.

Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada President, second term. Banzer dies.

Violents protests against income tax and gas plans. President Sanchez de Lozada resigns. Carlos Mesa becomes President.

Protests against gas export deal with Argentina. Government wins people's referendum on gas exports.

President Mesa resigns after large scale gas and fuel prices protests. Eduardo Rodriguez serves as caretaker President.

Evo Morales finally wins presidential elections in Bolivia history timeline 3, and becomes President of Bolivia. He nationalizes gas and other energy industries, and redistributes land.

State of emergency after months of heavy rain and floods. || credit: http://www.timeline-help.com/bolivia-history-timeline-3.html

= = =Countryman of Bolivia=

Following the triumph over the [|Spanish monarchy], Bolívar participated in the foundation of the first union of independent nations in Hispanic-America, a republic, which was named [|Gran Colombia] , of which he was president from 1819 to 1830. Bolívar remains regarded in Hispanic-America as a hero, visionary, revolutionary, and liberator. During his lifetime, he led [|Venezuela], [|Colombia] (including [|Panama] at the time), [|Ecuador] , [|Peru] (together with Don [|José de San Martín] ), and [|Bolivia] to independence, and helped lay the foundations for [|democratic ideology] in much of Latin America.
 * Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar y Palacios Ponte y Blanco** (24 July 1783 – 17 December 1830), commonly known as **Simón Bolívar** ( Spanish pronunciation: [|[siˈmon boˈliβar]]  ), was a [|Venezuelan] military and political leader. Bolívar played a key role in [|Latin America's successful struggle for independence] from the [|Spanish Empire], and is today considered one of the most influential politicians in the history of the Americas.

=FOOD IN BOLIVIA=

Saltena- Served in the morning saltena is a pastry filled with either chicken or other meat and greens and a sauce.
= =