Republic+of+Panama+-+Jin+Sung+Cho

= = Republic of Panama

National Flag
toc It is divided in four quarters: the lower left quarter near the mast pole is blue and represents the Conservative party. The top right quarter is red representing the Liberal party. These were the two traditional political parties at the time of the formation of the Republic of Panama. The other two quarters are white representing the peace and harmony between the two aforementioned political parties. Each of these two white quarters bears a star in the middle. The blue star represents the purity and honesty that would characterize the civil life of the republic; the red star representing the authority and law that would impose these virtues.

National Flower
Flor del Espiritu Santo (Holy Ghost Orchid)

National Birld
Aguila Arpa (Harpy Eagle)

Informations
Capital: Panama City

Size: 75,420 sq km (Land: 74,340 sq km & Water: 1,080 sq km)

Location: Central America and the Caribbean (9 00 N, 80 00 W)

Population: 3,360,474 (July 2010)

Literacy Rate: 93% (2010)

Education: 11 years of compulsory education including preschool education. Preschool -> Primary school (6 years) -> Secondary school

Religion: The government in Panama does not collect statistics on their citizen’s religion, but it is estimated that 75~85% of them are Roman Catholic and 15~25% of them are evangelical Christian. The [|Bahá'í Faith] community of Panama is estimated at 2.00% of the national population

Language: The official language is Spanish. 18% speak English, Indian languages

Form of Government: Democracy

Current Head of State: [|Ricardo Martinelli]

Election: by vote. ruling government for 5 years.

Vote: Voting age: 18 Date allowing women to vote: unknown

Military service: No Military Service required

Exports: $378.2 million (2006)

Imports: $13.62 billion (2009)

Geographical
media type="googlemap" key="http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=panama&aq=&sll=39.300299,-98.789062&sspn=51.13823,42.539063&ie=UTF8&hq=&hnear=Panama&ll=8.537981,-80.782127&spn=8.271783,9.503174&z=7&output=embed" width="425" height="350"

National Anthem - Himno Istemño
media type="file" key="National Anthem - Panama (Himno Istmeño).mp3" width="240" height="20" Lyrics

Video
Panama media type="youtube" key="f8ZdpBwxa2M" height="349" width="425"

Attraction
Coiba Island ( [] )   In Coiba Island, you can enjoy diving in Coiba Marine Park, where is one of the top ten diving places in the world. The island's abundant marine and terrestial flora is a delight to nature lovers. Scarlet macaws nest here and humpback whales are seen frequently. **What To Do?? **   **Diving in Coiba ** Padama Twin Oceans offers four and seven day diving excursions.

Ancon Expeditions offers nature tours. **<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 9pt;">Nature Treks ** <span style="color: #006699; display: block; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 9pt; text-align: left;">Ancon Expeditions

<span style="color: #006699; display: block; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 9pt; text-align: left;">Ecocircuitos

Pictures
-City in Panama -Panama Canal -Street in Panama -Panama View

History Timeline
**<span style="color: #ff4d04; font-family: 굴림;">Panama History Timeline & Facts ** **<span style="color: #ff4d04; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Concise History of Panama **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">1502 Columbus sails on his fourth and last voyage to the New World (Honduras and Panama) **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1502 - Spanish explorer Rodrigo de Bastidas visits Panama, which was home to Cuna, Choco, Guaymi and other indigenous peoples **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> Various experts have indicated the possibility of a linguistic connection between the name Cuna and certain Arawak and Carib tribal names **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> The Caribs and the Arawaks were tropical forest people who probably originated in South America and were related to the people found anywhere from Panama to Brazil **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1509 Beginnings of slave trade to New World **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1513 Sept 25, Vasco Nunez de Balboa, Spanish explorer, crossed the Isthmus of Panama and claimed the Pacific Ocean for Spain **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> He was named governor of Panama and the Pacific by King Ferdinand **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1514 1,500 Spanish settlers go to Panama **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1519 - Panama becomes Spanish Vice-royalty of New Andalucia (later New Granada) **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1522 First slave revolt in America occurs in Hispaniola **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1566 Two million Indians die in South America of typhoid fever **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1810 - Overthrow of the king of Spain by Napoleon **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1821 - Panama becomes independent of Spain **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1821 - Panama joins the confederacy of Gran Colombia which consists of Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1830 - Panama becomes part of Colombia following the collapse of Gran Colombia **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1850's - the building of the Panama Railway which is the first Transcontinental railway of the New World crossing the isthmus from Colon to Panama City **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1880s - France makes a failed attempt to build a Canal to link the Atlantic and Pacific **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1903 November 3 - Panama splits from Colombia and becomes fully independent **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1903 - US buys rights to build Panama Canal and controls the waterway for nearly a century **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 15 August 1915 - Official opening of the Panama Canal a massive achievement - the Panama Canal is 65 km ( 40 miles ) in length **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1939 - Panama ceases to be a US protectorate **

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> 1 January 2000: Control of the canal passes from USA to Panama by the Torrijos-Carter treaty ** **<span style="color: #ff4d04; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Panama History Time line **

**Famous Countrymen**
[|Roberto Duran] - One of the greatest boxers in the history.

[[image:Manuel_Noriega.jpg width="119" height="120" link="@http://www.notablebiographies.com/Ni-Pe/Noriega-Manuel.html"]]
Manuel Noriega - A politican and soldier who was captured by US as a war prisoner.

Ruben Blades - Famous Panamanian salsa singer. Rod Carew - Legendary baseball player of Panama. Carlos Lee - Well know baseball player of Panama. Mariano Rivera - One of the best athletes of Panama.

National Holidays
January 1 – New Year’s Day January 9 **– Martyr’s Day** Monday Before Ash Wednesday – **Carnival** Monday Tuesday Before Ash Wednesday – Carnival Tuesday Friday of Holy Week – Holy Friday (Death of Christ) May 1 – Labor Day November 3 – **Separation Day** November 4 – Flag Day November 5 – **Colon** **Day** November 10 – **The Uprising in the Villa de Los Santos** November 28 – **Independence Day** December 8 – Mother’s Day December 25 – Christmas

Martyrs’ Day takes place on January 9th each year. This holiday commemorates the day in 1964 when 200 Panamanian high school students marched to Balboa High School in the United States’ Canal Zone. These students came from the Instituto Nacional, Panama’s top public high school. They were protesting the Balboa High School students’ action of raising the US flag in the Canal Zone school. About a year prior, US President John F. Kennedy, in an effort to quell tensions between the “Zonians”, US residents and supporters living in the Panama Canal Zone, and other Panamanians had decreed that the US flag could be raised in conjunction with the Panamaian flag in non-military sites within the zone. Then, the Panama Canal Zone Governor Robert J. Fleming limited the order. He ordered that neither flag would be raised at schools, police stations, post offices or other civilian locations where it had previously been flown. The students at Balboa, who were Zonians, raised the US flag. The school ordered it taken down. Then, they walked out of class, re-raised the flag and posted guards to prevent its removal. The students from the Instituto Nacional went to Balboa to raise Panama’s flag alongside the US flag. After arriving at Balboa High School, a confrontation between the Panamanians and Zonians broke out. The flag the Panamanian students were carrying was torn. At this point, angry crowds formed along the border between Panama City and the Canal Zone. A riot broke out and Panama’s National Guard was called in. Conditions only deteriorated throughout the day. Shots rang out in the sky, killing a total of 22 people and wounding an additional 500 others.
 * **MARTYRS’ DAY**

Panama’s Carnival celebrations take place the four days prior to Ash Wednesday. Commemorated since the early 1900s, Panama’s Carnival is the second largest in the entire world? The main streets of Panama City and Las Tablas, where the bulk of the celebrating takes place, fill up with parades, costumes, floats, masks, confetti and, of course, revelers. The highlight of many celebrations includes the selection of the Carnival Queen and her attendants. Visitors to Panama during Carnival are encouraged to book their accommodations well in advance. During carnival work comes to a complete stop (more or less). Many restaurants are closed, car rental agencies have no inventory available and many services are just not available except, of course, in large hotels, which are usually multinational. Even the bars are closed!
 * **CARNIVAL IN PANAMA**

On November 3, 1903 Panama formally separated from Colombia and established the Republic of Panama. Since declaring independence from Spain in 1821, Panama was part of the Republic of Gran Colombia. However, Panama tried to claim its independence several times during this period. Finally, with the assistance of the United States, the country became an independent nation in 1903. Panamanians celebrate this day with parades. Colon Day is Panama’s version of Columbus Day. It is celebrated on November 5th each year.
 * **SEPARATION DAY & COLON DAY**

November 10th is the day that Panamanians remember the ‘uprising in Villa Los Santos’. On this date in 1821 the citizens of Los Santos in Panama’s southernmost province declared their independence from Spain. They preempted Panama City’s decision to become independent of the colonial power. However, the declaration urged Panama City to act. A meeting was held in the capital city and the decision was made for Panama to formally declare its independence on November 28th that same year. Panama became part of Colombia just a few weeks later.
 * **UPRISING IN VILLA LOS SANTOS & INDEPENDENCE DAY**

**Sport**
> Providing all the required amenities for budding footballers in Panama and also catering to professional football training, the Panama football clubs exemplify the dedication and the endeavor that the country has been putting in the sport. Efforts are being made to improvise the football techniques. Numerous inter-college and inter-club Panama football matches are being held too. The **Panama football** events include participation in the FIFA World Cup and the Gold Cup. > **Panama football**has kept the banner flying high for the football freaks in America. The Panama football teams have made their mark in the field of national and international sports with their dedicated endeavors. The Panama National Football team includes the best club footballers in Panama. Some of the most important Panama football clubs, which have helped in the promotion of the game in Panama with innovative strategies, are: > ** [|Alianza F.C.] > > (for team rank, click here)
 * Football (Soccer) -
 * [|Atlético Chiriquí]
 * [|Atlético Veragüense]
 * [|CD Árabe Unido]
 * [|Chepo F.C.]
 * [|Municipal Chorrillo]
 * [|Plaza Amador]
 * [|San Francisco F.C.]
 * [|Sporting '89]
 * [|Tauro F.C.]

**<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 8pt;">Panama National Football Team ** Los Canaleros (canal mens) || [|de Fútbol] || ( [|Cali], [|Colombia] ; July 28, 1937) [|[1]] || ( [|Barranquilla], [|Colombia] ; December 13, 1946) || ( [|Panama City], [|Panama] ; February 16, 1938) ||
 * = [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Panama_FA.png/150px-Panama_FA.png width="150" height="150" caption="Shirt badge/Association crest" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Panama_FA.png"]] ||
 * ~ [|Nickname(s)] || La Marea Roja (Red Tide)
 * ~ Association || [|Federación Panameña]
 * ~ Confederation || [|CONCACAF] ||
 * ~ Head coach || [|Julio Dely Valdés] ||
 * ~ Captain || [|Felipe Baloy] ||
 * ~ Most [|caps] || [|Ricardo Phillips] (110) ||
 * ~ Top scorer || [|Luis Ernesto Tapia] (27) ||
 * ~ Home stadium || [|Estadio Rommel Fernandez] ||
 * ~ [|FIFA code] || PAN ||
 * ~ [|FIFA ranking] || 68 ||
 * ~ Highest FIFA ranking || 50 (March 2009) ||
 * ~ Lowest FIFA ranking || 150 (August 1995) ||
 * ~ [|Elo ranking] || 57 ||
 * ~ Highest Elo ranking || 44 (March 1948) ||
 * ~ Lowest Elo ranking || 151 (June 1984) ||
 * ~ First international ||
 * = [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/22px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png width="22" height="15" caption="Panama" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama"]]  Panama 2 – 2 [|Mexico] [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png width="22" height="13"]]
 * = [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/22px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png width="22" height="15" caption="Panama" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama"]]  Panama 2 – 2 [|Mexico] [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png width="22" height="13"]]
 * ~ Biggest win ||
 * = [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/22px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png width="22" height="15" caption="Panama" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama"]]  Panama 12 – 0 [|Puerto Rico] [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png width="22" height="15"]]
 * ~ Biggest defeat ||
 * = [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/22px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png width="22" height="15" caption="Panama" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama"]]  Panama 0 – 11 [|Costa Rica] [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png width="22" height="13"]]
 * ~ [|CONCACAF Gold Cup] ||
 * ~ Appearances || 5 (//First in [|1993] //) ||
 * ~ Best result || Runners-Up, [|2005] ||

> > Panama Tennis players compete in major international tennis events like the Fed Cup and Davis Cup. Davis Cup is an international men's tennis tournament. It is governed by the International Tennis Federation. At present about 134 nations participate in this knock out tournament. Fed Cup or Federation Cup is an international women's tennis tournament, which was founded in the year 1963. > > Panama Federation Cup Team represents their country in the Fed Cup. In the year 1997, Panama first took part in the Fed Cup. In 2006, Panama Fed Cup Team finished 6th in group II and till now it is marked as the best performance of the Panama women's team. > > Panama Davis Cup team represents the country in the Davis Cup. In 1996, Panama first competed in the Davis Cup. The Panama Tennis Federation governs Panamanian Davis and Fed Cup teams. **Panama Tennis** is one of the favorite sports, which is enjoyed by every sport lover living in the country. ||  || > Playing golf is one of the major sports event in Panama. **Panama golf** has drawn the limelight for housing some of the best championship golf courses in Central America. The two most important golf courses in Panama are the course of Coronado and the Summit Golf Resort. The Panama Coronado course has a total expanse of 7,092 yards and has 18 holes. Providing some of the best amenities, this Panama golf course is the best place both for professional as well as amateur golf players to test their skills. > > The Summit Golf and Resort is known both for its golf course as well as its natural beauty. Cradled amidst the bounty of nature, the golf course provides the ideal mood for golf players. Situated in the forests of the Panama canal, the Summit Golf and Resort has a total of two courses. Designed for the entertainment of both adults and kids, the two golf courses house 18 and 6 holes respectively. This particular Panama golf course is the only of its kind in the whole of Latin America, to provide advanced GPS technology. The Summit Golf and Resort not only boasts of a splendid Panama golf course but also a family center, recreational clubs and day care. === Panama City Golf === With their plush greenery, the Panama City golf courses provide a serene beauty to the city of Panama. The well equipped golf courses prove to be the best means of entertainment for both elders as well as youngsters. Even the professional golfers can have a strike or two to enhance their skills. > > Ideal for a family holiday, the **Panama golf** courses are the must-visit hubs in the country. ||  ||
 * Tennis -
 * || **Panama Tennis** is administered by Federacion Panamena de Tenis or the Panama Tennis Federation. The office of Panama Tennis Federation is situated in Panama City. Panamanian Tennis is affiliated by the Panama Olympic Committee. Besides, Panama Tennis has been a member of International Tennis Federation and Central American and Caribbean Tennis Confederation.
 * Golf -

Work Sited (Bibliography)

 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Flag - ** **<span style="background-color: initial; color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> [|wikipedia], ** **<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|questconnect.org] **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">National Flower - ** **<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> [|elvalletour.com], ** **<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|questconnect.org] **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">National Bird - ** **<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|questconnect.org] **
 * Informations -** **<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">suite101.com **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Map (Political) - ** **<span style="background-color: initial; color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|focuspublicationsint.com] **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Map (Geographical) - Google Maps **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Anthem - Panama National Anthem ( Himno Istem****<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ñ ****<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">o) **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Lyric - ** **<span style="background-color: initial; color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|lyricsondemand.com] **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Video - ** **<span style="background-color: initial; color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|youtube] **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pictures - ** **<span style="background-color: initial; color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|media.news.com] ****<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">, ** **<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> [|escapefromamerica.com], ** **<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> [|embassyworld.com] , ** **<span style="background-color: initial; color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|elisabethfischer.files.wordpress.com] **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif;">History Timeline ** **<span style="color: black; font-family: 바탕,serif;">– ** **<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif;">facts-about.org.uk **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Famous Countrymen - ehow.com **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Holidays - ** **<span style="font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|foreign-money.com], **<span style="font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif;">caribbean-panama-real-estate.com
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sports - mapsofworld.com, wikipedia **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Informations ****<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">– ****<span style="color: black; font-family: 휴먼매직체,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> google.com **