Mexico+-+Ye+Tao

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=Mexico Introduction=

Spanish name for Mexico: México

=The // official name // of the country= The official name of the country is the "United // Mexican // States" = =

= Location =

Mexico is a country located in North America and is bordered by the United States to the north, Belize and Guatemala to its south, the Gulf of Mexico to its east and the North Pacific Ocean to its west. The country's total area is 1,972,550 square kilometers (761,601 square miles), or nearly 3 times the size of Texas. Its capital, Mexico City, is located in the south-central part of the country.

= Capital and location = Mexico city is the capital of Mexico. Mexico City is located in the Valley of Mexico, sometimes called the Basin of Mexico. This valley is located in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt in the high plateaus of south-central Mexico.

La capital de México esMéxico City. La capital esta en el sur del pais 113,910,608 personas viven en su pais, 8,857,188 personas viven en la capital. La fecha de colonizacion es 1521.

= = =** Country size, population **=

The population until now is 117105095. And the area is totally 1972550 km2

= Capital Population =

the // **Mexico** // City metropolitan area population is 21.2 million people

The **flag of Mexico** (Spanish: //Bandera de México//) is a vertical [|tricolor] of green, white, and red with [|the national coat of arms] [|charged] in the center of the white stripe. While the meaning of the colors has changed over time, these three colors were adopted by [|Mexico] following [|independence] from Spain during the country's [|War of Independence], and subsequent [|First Mexican Empire]. The current [|flag] was adopted in 1968, but the overall design has been used since 1821, when the First National Flag was created. The current law of national symbols, [|Law on the Nati] o[|nal Arms, Flag, and Anthem], that governs the use of the [|national flag] has been in place since 1984. = =

= National flag =

The **flag of Mexico** (Spanish: //Bandera de México//) is a vertical [|tricolor] of green, white, and red with [|the national coat of arms] [|charged] in the center of the white stripe. While the meaning of the colors has changed over time, these three colors were adopted by

[|Mexico] following [|independence] from Spain during the country's [|War of Independence], and subsequent [|First Mexican Empire]. The

current [|flag] was adopted in 1968, but the overall design has been used since 1821, when the First National Flag was created. The current law of national symbols, [|Law on the Nati]

o [|nal Arms, Flag, and Anthem], that governs the use of the [|national flag] has been in place since 1984.

Red, white, and green are the colors of the national liberation army in Mexico. The central emblem is the Aztec pictogram for [|Tenochtitla][|n] (now [|Mexico City] ), the center of their empire. It recalls the legend that inspired the Aztecs to settle on what was originally a lake-island. The form of the coat of arms was most recently revised in 1968. A ribbon in the national colors is at the bottom of the coat of arms. Throughout history, the flag has changed four times, as the design of the coat of arms and the length-width ratios of the flag have been modified. However, [|the coat of arms] has had the same features throughout: an [|eagle], holding a [|serpent] in its [|talon] , is perched on top of a [|prickly pear] [|cactus] ; the cactus is situated on a [|rock] that rises above a lake. The coat of arms is derived from an [|Aztec] legend that their gods told them to build a city where they spot an eagle on a [|nopal] eating a serpent, which is now [|Mexico] [|City]. The current national flag, the Fourth National Flag, is also used as the Mexican [|naval ensign] by ships registered in Mexico.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Mexico

= =

= Mexico national anthem = Coro:

Mexicanos, al grito de guerra

el acero aprestad y el bridón.

Y retiemble en sus centros la Tierra,

al sonoro rugir del cañón.

Y retiemble en sus centros la Tierra,

al sonoro rugir del cañón! //Mexicans, at the cry of war,//
 * Chorus:** [|[3]]

//make ready the steel and the bridle,//

//and may the Earth tremble at its centers//

//at the resounding roar of the cannon.//

//and may the Earth tremble at its centers//

//at the resounding roar of the cannon!// Ciña ¡oh Patria! tus sienes de oliva
 * Estrofa I:**

de la paz el arcángel divino,

que en el cielo tu eterno destino

por el dedo de Dios se escribió.

Mas si osare un extraño enemigo

profanar con su planta tu suelo,

piensa ¡oh Patria querida! que el cielo

un soldado en cada hijo te dio. //Let gird, oh Fatherland!, your brow with olive//
 * First Stanza:**

//by the divine archangel of peace,//

//for in heaven your eternal destiny//

//was written by the finger of God.//

//But if some enemy outlander should dare//

//to profane your ground with his sole,//

//think, oh beloved Fatherland!, that heaven//

//has given you a soldier in every son.//

¡Guerra, guerra sin tregua al que intente
 * Estrofa V:**

De la patria manchar los blasones!

¡Guerra, guerra! Los patrios pendones

En las olas de sangre empapad.

¡Guerra, guerra! En el monte, en el valle

Los cañones horrísonos truenen,

Y los ecos sonoros resuenen

Con las voces de ¡Unión! ¡Libertad! //War, war without quarter to any who dare//
 * Stanza V:**

//to tarnish the coats of arms of the country!//

//War, war! Let the national banners//

//be soaked in waves of blood.//

//War, war! In the mountain, in the valley,//

//let the cannons thunder in horrid unison//

//and may the sonorous echoes resound//

//with cries of Union! Liberty!// Antes, patria, que inermes tus hijos
 * Estrofa VI:**

Bajo el yugo su cuello dobleguen,

Tus campiñas con sangre se rieguen,

Sobre sangre se estampe su pie.

Y tus templos, palacios y torres

Se derrumben con hórrido estruendo,

Y sus ruinas existan diciendo:

De mil héroes la patria aquí fue. //O, Fatherland, ere your children, defenseless//
 * Stanza VI:**

//bend their neck beneath the yoke,//

//may your fields be watered with blood,//

//may their foot be printed in blood.//

//And may your temples, palaces and towers//

//collapse with horrid clamor,//

//and may their ruins continue on, saying://

//Of one thousand heroes, here the Fatherland began.// ¡Patria! ¡Patria! Tus hijos te juran
 * Estrofa X:**

Exhalar en tus aras su aliento,

Si el clarín con su bélico acento

los convoca a lidiar con valor.

¡Para ti las guirnaldas de oliva!

¡Un recuerdo para ellos de gloria!

¡Un laurel para ti de victoria!

¡Un sepulcro para ellos de honor! //Fatherland! Fatherland! your children swear to you//
 * Stanza X:**

//to breathe their last for your sake,//

//if the bugle with its bellicose accent//

//calls them together to battle with courage.//

//For you, olive wreathes!//

//A memory for them of glory!//

//For you, a laurel of victory!//

//A tomb for them of honor!//

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= Date of Colonization =

Mexico was conquered and colonized by Spain from 1521 until 1821 when Mexico won its independence war (1810-1821)

= Indigenous people: names and what happened to them =

The Spanish invasion brought incredible destruction to Indigenous people. War and disease killed vast numbers, and both the military colonists and the Catholic missionaries sought to smash their societies. Great change has taken place, but even now, 504 years after Colombus first landed on the continent, Mexico is still home to 56 different indigenous peoples, each speaking their own language. The most significant groups are the Tarahumaras, Nahuas, Huicholes, Purépechas, Mixtecos, Zapotecas, Otomís, Totonacas and Mayas. They still form the major population group in some regions of the country, but as in other parts of the world, indigenous peoples in Mexico are treated as worth-less, second class citizens by 'pure European' Mexicans and mixed race mestizos (like Travellers in Ireland). High levels of migration to the cities - where they often end up as the cheapest of the cheap labour - and to the U.S. has been one consequence of the loss of traditional lands.

= Type of government = Mexico is a **Federal Representative Republic** country.

= Head of the state =

President: [|**Felipe Calderón**]

since December 1, 2006 Born in August 18, 1962 Almost 6 year in office

single term ||
 * [|**Term length**] || Six years ([|//sexenio//]),

= Literacy rate of people =

Number of years required

Number of years required: nine. Six from primary education and three from secondary education.
 * Literacy rate:** 92% (of adult population)

= = = Colleges and universities =

5 good colleges and universities in Mexico:
 * **1** [|Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México] ||
 * **2** [|Tecnológico de Monterrey] ||
 * **3** [|Universidad de Guadalajara] ||
 * **4** [|Instituto Politécnico Nacional] ||
 * **5** [|Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México] ||

= The Gross National Produce =

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Mexico was worth 1155.32 billion US dollars in 2011. The GDP value of Mexico represents 1.86 percent of the world economy. GDP in Mexico is reported by the The World Bank Group. Historically, from 1960 until 2011, Mexico GDP averaged 322.5 USD Billion reaching an all time high of 1155.3 USD Billion in December of 2011 and a record low of 13.1 USD Billion in December of 1960. The gross domestic product (GDP) measures of national income and output for a given country's economy. The gross domestic product (GDP) is equal to the total expenditures for all final goods and services produced within the country in a stipulated period of time. This page includes a chart with historical data for Mexico GDP.


 * Mexico** is the eleventh largest economy in the world, with a Gross Domestic Product of **US$1.66 trillion** (2012). It is also the eleventh in terms of population with more than 114 million people for 2012, thus allowing Mexican exports to be not only raw materials such as oil or silver, but also manufactured goods and even high-technology products, including assembled aircraft, pharmaceuticals, communications equipment, and computer and office machinery, which represent **19.6%** of total Mexican exports.

Mexico is also one of the countries with most trade agreements in the world, having **12** free trade agreements with over **40** countries including North and Central America, the European Free Trade Area and Japan, putting more than **90%** of its trade under free trade agreements.

Following are some statistics related to Mexican balance of trade:

= Natural resources =

The country of Mexico is the fifth largest producer of oil in the world. It has been noted that the country is rich in natural resources, including petroleum, silver, gold, copper and lead, but that it often fails in ways to use them in a way that benefits them optimally.

=Major exports=
 * **Exports**: US$336.3 billion (world's rank: **15th**).
 * **Major exports**: Manufactured goods, electronics, oil and oil products, aircraft, silver, computers and servers, fruits, meats, consumer electronics, processed foods, vegetables, ships, coffee, LCD screens, electricity, biotechnology, cotton, rolling stock, automotive and aircraft engines, cellular phones, metals, industrial equipment, granite and marble, lithium batteries.
 * **Major export partners:** United States 73.5%, Canada 7.5%, Germany 1.7%

=Major Imports=
 * **Imports**: US$341.9 billion (world's rank: **14th**).
 * **Major imports**: Vehicles and vehicle parts, electric and electronic machinery and equipment, boilers and steam generators, engines and engine parts, copper and copper products.
 * **Major import partners:** United States 60.6%, China 6.6%, South Korea 5.2%

= = =Holidays=

The Christmas Season The Christmas season begins on Dec. 16 with Las Posadas. Children, portraying the Holy Family arriving in Bethlehem, go from door to door in the neighborhood seeking shelter. Traditionally, Mexican children received their presents on Dia de los Santos Reyes, Three Kings Day, on Jan. 6, but the Christmas traditions popularized in Northern Europe and the U.S. are beginning to take hold in Mexico, giving kids two days during the season to receive Christmas gifts.

January the 6th is a special day in Mexico. Known as 'El Dia de Reyes' (Three Kings Day), this holiday represents the height of the Christmas season. The date marks the culmination of the twelve days of Christmas and commemorates the three wise men who traveled from afar, bearing gifts for the infant baby Jesus. The children of Mexico in particular look forward to this holiday as traditionally, gifts are exchanged on this date, not on Christmas day.

El Dia de Reyes happens during the Christmas season, and so do Christmas day.

Mexico’s festival is common. China and America have some of the same festivals. But it’s not celebrated in the same time. And also they have different celebration ways. But giving the gift and together with families are their usual way to celebrate the festival.

= =

=Film clips=

Mexico revolution media type="youtube" key="lbUw_GCskog" width="420" height="315"

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Mexico Food, Ingredients & Flavour **Mexico food and cultural dishes are traditionally formed**

**with either corn, beans or rice.**

Spices and peppers are also important ingredients in Mexican cooking.

The rich diversity in flavour and texture of Mexican food offers a unique

and scintillating taste experience. The diet of the early Maya civilization consisted of corn based food with

a selection of whichever local vegetables, spices, herbs and chilies that

were regularly available. After the Spanish expedition arrived in the country they began to include

a greater variety of animals and fish to the average diet as well as the introduction of rice. Today the fusion of these two great cultures combine

to create some inspiring and delicious Mexican dishes. Our Favourite Mexican Food Combinations A traditional Mexico food main course could consist of a variety of ingredients ranging from Albondigas (Mexican meatballs) to Chapulines. Chapulines are otherwise know as seasoned grasshoppers (yes, you did read that correctly). The most common food that people would probably associate with though is the taco and tortilla. If you're felling adventurous though why not try a selection of Mexican dishes, you never know you might just end up loving the toasted grasshoppers. We have enjoyed eating many selections of dishes on our vacations in Mexico, and it is very difficult to pick a favourite. After many discussing though I decided upon our favourite selections for an enjoyable three course meal. Pumpkin soup makes a great starter or black bean soup is a good alternative. A selection of tortillas or traditional tamales are perfect for your main. Follow this with a delicious Mexican flan or arroz con leche (rice with milk and sugar).

The Origins of Popular Mexico Food In the Riviera Maya hotels and resorts that we have stayed in, there has always been a plentiful supply of quality Mexican food. The majority of the hotels in this region are all-inclusive based and have a variety of good buffet options and specialty restaurants. In my experience there is always a Mexican section in the buffet restaurants often with the chef cooking to your order. If you add to this the excellent Mexican specialty restaurants on offer, then you will have every opportunity to sample the delights of traditional Mexican cooking on your holiday. Mexico food is often dictated by the region in which it is served and its origins from the local surroundings. The dishes will usually vary depending upon the cultural influences, within a specific region. For example in the South of Mexico you are likely to come across a large proportion of chicken and spicy vegetable based dished. In the north however beef and meat based selections are more commonly available. Within the more remote areas and small villages, the ancient Maya and Aztec traditions are more apparent and unusual combinations of insects are often eaten. **My Attempt at Mexican Cooking ** Due to the increasing popularity of Mexico food, it is now easier than ever to sample the delights of Mexican dishes and Mexican cooking in other countries. In the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom for example, there are many themed dishes on offer. I tried a spot of Mexican cooking at home recently, if I'm honest it didn't turn out as well as I had hoped and my wife's face was a picture. Why not try to cook some traditional recipes yourself though, I'm sure it will turn out better than my initial efforts. In the United States there is style of food known as Tex-Mex. This type of food is often based on traditional dishes but with a twist. A different range of ingredients are often used and combined with a different way of cooking. The result is a fusion and combination of US and Mexican cooking. Similar examples of these combinations of cultural cooking can be found throughout the world. This is what makes trying new food so exciting. So the next time you decide to visit a Mexican restaurant, be sure to look out for those grasshoppers on the menu. Remember to study your Spanish phrase book and impress the waiter with your pronunciation.

= Place of interest = Cancun The city of Cancun is young, as are most of its permanent and temporary inhabitants. The new, great, and gorgeous beaches of white sand caressed by warm, turquoise waters of the Caribbean Sea stand out as the hottest spots in town, both literally and figuratively.

Riviera Maya The Riviera Maya runs south of Cancun from Puerto Morales to just south of Tulum. The area is famous for its gorgeous, broad white-sand beaches and relaxed atmosphere. The area is also a noted location for good quality scuba and diving experiences.

Chichén Itz á

Chichén Itzá, in Yucatan state, is the best preserved and most famous of the Mayan ruins in Mexico. It is considered one the greatest Mayan-Toltec centers in the Yucatan Peninsula and at only 90 miles from Cancun, it is a popular day trip, as well as a UNESCO World Heritage site. = =

=Pictures for illustration=





= =

=Mexico introduction blogs =

__ All About Puebla __ THE English-language resource for tourist information about Puebla and its environs.  __ Countdown to Mexico __ A personal blog sharing about expat life in Mazatlán and travel throughout Mexico.  __ Go Mexico Guide __ A travel and lifestyle blog with a focus on Mexican travel destinations, culture and cuisine.  __ Gringation __ A gringa living in Cancun shares experiences of living and traveling in Mexico.  __ Mexican At Heart __ A young Mexico-lover shares her experiences and love of Mexico in this blog.  __ Mexico City: An Opinionated Guide __ Travel tips, news, information and gossip from Mexico City by Jim Johnston.  __ Mexico Cooks __ A culinary travelogue, an adventure for the palate, mind, and spirit.

= Youtube video =

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=<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">I-Movie on Cancún =

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=References=

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://gomexico.about.com/od/blogs/Mexico_Travel_Blogs.htm <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pmh8ZVZdlY&feature=player_embedded http://www.yachts123.com/page/4/ http://gomexico.about.com/gi/o.htm?zi=1/XJ&zTi=1&sdn=gomexico&cdn=travel&tm=8&f=00&tt=14&bt=6&bts=6&zu=http%3A//www.puebla-mexico.com/ http://www.countdowntomexico.com/ http://www.gomexicoguide.com/ http://gringationcancun.com/ http://mexicanatheart.com/ http://mexicocitydf.blogspot.com/ http://mexicocooks.typepad.com/ www.google.com www.baidu.com www.youtube.com http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q8T9g7memUk&feature=player_embedded http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tgFao8RYeQ8&feature=player_embedded http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lbUw_GCskog&feature=player_embedded http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/politica/articulo155619-presidentes-de-colombia-y-mexico-analizaran-lucha-contra-narcotrafi http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/politica/articulo155619-presidentes-de-colombia-y-mexico-analizaran-lucha-contra-narcotrafi